#RHINOSPORIDIOSIS|#PATHOLOGYREVISIONNOTES|#ENTNOTES|#revisionnotes

RHINOSPORIDIOSIS

 INTRODUCTION

Chronic infectious granulomatous disease of upper respiratory tract (nasal cavity & nasopharynx) characterised by formation of polypoidal masses and  warty lesions caused by the sporulating organism Rhinosporidium seeberi.

EPIDEMIOLOGY

Affects all ages, commonly seen in 3rd-4th decade.

Males are more commonly affected than females.

Mode of transmission- water & dust and through injured epithelium of various organs .

 

LOCALIZATION

Nasalcavity

Palpebral conjuctiva

Middle ear

Nasopharynx

Larynx

Pharynx

CLINICAL FEATURES

GROSS PATHOLOGY

Single/multiple polypoid , pedunculated or sessile masses mimics inflammatory polyp.

CUT SECTION shows pink/purplish , glistening mucoid surface.mature sporangia can be observed as yellow minute dots ,bleeds on touch (as it releases Angiogenesis factor which is the reason for high vascularity ).

Microcysts seen in submucosal stroma.

LIGHT MICROSCOPY

 Mucosal & submucosal cysts range from 10-300microns in diameter , found only in connective tissue spaces almost never seen  intra cellular.

Sporangia contains innumerable sporangiospores.

Large sporangiospores(5-10um)lies at the centre(small coalesce to form large ).

Small sporangiospores(1-2um) lies at the periphery.

Chronic inflammatory infiltrate include lymphocytes,plasma cells,eosinophils.

Rupture elicits acute inflammatory response but there wont be any  GRANULOMA formation. 

 

HISTOCHEMISTRY

GOMORRI METHANAMINE SILVER STAIN HIGHLIGHTS SPORANGIA

Microorganisms –PAS & Mucicarmine positive.

Sudan black , bromophenol blue stains rhinosporidium spores.

DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

COCCIDIODOMYCOSIS (C.immitis): R.seeberi larger than C.immitis , wall of R.seeberi stains with Mucin stain.

MYOSPHERULOSIS  :GMS stain negative.

SCHNEIDERIAN PAPILLOMA(CYLINDRICAL TYPE):intraepithelial cysts only , R.seeberi both intra & sub mucosal cysts.

MANAGEMENT

DAPSONE 100mg for 6months.

For chronic recurrent lesions –surgery is the option.

Question of the day …what is malignant Rhinosporidiosis??? comment your answers below thank you😀